Amanye amaxesha esiwathandayo ngexesha leholide ajikeleza izithethe zeKrisimesi kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo bethu.Ukusuka kwi-cookie yeholide kunye nokutshintshiselana ngesipho ukuhlobisa umthi, ukuxhoma ii-stockings, kunye nokuhlanganisana ukuphulaphula incwadi yeKrisimesi ethandekayo okanye ukubukela ifilimu yeholide eyintandokazi, ngamnye wethu unezithethe ezincinci esizidibanisa neKrisimesi kwaye sijonge phambili unyaka wonke. .Ezinye iisimboli zexesha lonyaka-amakhadi eholide, iilekese, izithsaba ezicangweni-ziyaziwa kumakhaya kwilizwe liphela, kodwa uninzi lwabantu abasithoba kwabalishumi baseMelika ababhiyozela iKrisimesi banokukuxelela ngqo apho ezi zithethe zivela khona okanye baqala njani (ngokomzekelo, ngaba uyayazi imvelaphi “yeKrisimesi emyoli”?)

Ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba kutheni umboniso wokukhanya weKrisimesi uyinto, apho umbono wokushiya amaqebengwane kunye nobisi kuSanta Claus, okanye indlela i-boozy eggnog eyaba sisiselo esisemthethweni seholide yasebusika, funda ngokujonga kwethu imbali kunye neentsomi. emva kwezithethe zeeholide esizaziyo nesibathandayo namhlanje, uninzi lwazo lusukela kumakhulu eminyaka.Qiniseka ukuba ujonga kwakhona izimvo zethu zezona bhanyabhanya zibalaseleyo zeKrisimesi, iingoma zeeholide ozithandayo, kunye nemibono yezithethe ezitsha zangaphambi kweKrisimesi ngokuqinisekileyo ukwenza ixesha lakho lokonwaba kwaye liqaqambe.

1,Amakhadi eKrisimesi

Kwakungonyaka we-1843, yaye uMhlekazi uHenry Cole, ummi waseLondon odumileyo, wayefumana amanqaku eholide amaninzi kunokuba wayenokusabela eyedwa ngenxa yokufika kwesitampu sepenny, nto leyo eyayisenza ukuba iileta zingabizi mali yokuthumela.Ngoko ke, uCole wacela umzobi uJC Horsley ukuba enze idizayini yomthendeleko awayenokuyiprinta kwaye ayithumele ngeposi kunye-voila!—ikhadi lokuqala leKrisimesi lenziwe.Umphambukeli waseJamani kunye ne-lithographer uLouis Prang kuthiwa waqala ishishini lamakhadi eKrisimesi eMelika ngo-1856, ngelixa elinye lamakhadi angaphambili asongiweyo adityaniswe nemvulophu yathengiswa ngo-1915 ngabazalwane beHolo (ngoku eyiHallmark).Namhlanje, malunga ne-1.6 yeebhiliyoni zamakhadi eholide athengiswa e-US ngonyaka ngamnye, ngokutsho koMbutho weKhadi lokuBulisa.

2,Imithi yeKrisimesi

Ngokutsho kwe-American Christmas Tree Association, malunga ne-95 yezigidi zamakhaya e-US ziya kubeka umthi weKrisimesi (okanye ezimbini) kulo nyaka.Isithethe semithi ehlotshisiwe sinokulandelwa eJamani ngekhulu le-16.Kuthiwa umhlaziyi wamaProtestanti uMartin Luther waqala wacinga ukongeza amakhandlela ukuze ahombise amasebe ngokukhanya emva kokuba ephefumlelwe kukubona iinkwenkwezi ezibengezela kwizityalo eziluhlaza ngoxa wayegoduka ngobunye ubusuku basebusika.UKumkanikazi uVictoria kunye nomyeni wakhe waseJamani, uPrince Albert, bawudume umthi weKrisimesi ngemiboniso yabo ngeminyaka yee-1840s kwaye isiko lafumana indlela eya e-US, nayo.Umthi wokuqala weKrisimesi wavela ngo-1851 eNew York kwaye umthi wokuqala wavela kwi-White House ngo-1889.

3,Izithsaba

Izithsaba ziye zasetyenziswa ziinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo ukutyhubela iinkulungwane: amaGrike anikezela ngezithsaba ezifana neembaleki kwaye amaRoma azinxiba njengezithsaba.Izithsaba zeKrisimesi ekuqaleni zazikholelwa ukuba ziyimveliso emibini yesithethe somthi weKrismesi owaqalwa ngabantu baseYurophu abasemantla ngenkulungwane ye-16.Njengoko izityalo ezihlala ziluhlaza zazichetywa zibe ngoonxantathu (iingongoma ezintathu ezimele ukumela ubathathu emnye ongcwele), amasebe alahliweyo ayeza kubunjwa abe ngumsesane aze axhonywe emva emthini njengomhombiso.Imilo esazinge, enye engenasiphelo, nayo yafuzisela ubunaphakade kunye nengcamango yobuKristu yobomi obungunaphakade.

4,IiCandy canes

Abantwana bebesoloko bezithanda iilekese, kwaye intsomi ithi iilekese zaqala ngowe-1670 xa umfundisi wekwayala kwiCawe yaseCologne Cathedral eJamani wakhupha iintonga zepeppermint ukuze abantwana bathule ngexesha lokuqhutywa kweKreche eLiving.Wacela umenzi weelekese wasekuhlaleni ukuba azilolonge ezi zinti zibe ngamagwegwe afana negoso likamalusi, ebhekisela kuYesu ‘njengomalusi olungileyo’ owalusa umhlambi wakhe.Umntu wokuqala owathi wabeka iilekese emthini yayinguAugust Imgard, umphambukeli waseJamani-waseSweden eWooster, eOhio, owahombisa umthi wespruce oluhlaza ngeeswekile kunye nokuhonjiswa kwephepha ngo-1847 waza wawubonisa kwiqonga elijikelezayo abantu bahamba iikhilomitha. ukubona.Ekuqaleni yayifumaneka ngombala omhlophe kuphela, imigca ebomvu yeswiti yodidi olubomvu yongezwa malunga no-1900 ngokutsho kweNational Confectioners Association, ekwathi i-58% yabantu bakhetha ukutya isiphelo esithe ngqo kuqala, i-30% isiphelo esigobileyo, kwaye i-12% yaphula induku ibe ziziqwenga.

5,I-Mistletoe

Isiko lokuncamisa phantsi kwe-mistletoe lisusela kumawaka eminyaka.Unxibelelwano lwesityalo kunye nothando lwaqala ngeCeltic Druids eyabona i-mistletoe njengophawu lokuchuma.Abanye bacinga ukuba amaGrike aMandulo ayengabokuqala ukuphosa phantsi kwayo ngexesha lomthendeleko weKronia, ngelixa abanye bekhomba kwintsomi yaseNordic apho uthixokazi wothando, uFrigga, wayevuya kakhulu emva kokuvuselela unyana wakhe phantsi komthi nge-mistletoe wachaza nabani na. owayemi ngaphantsi kwawo uya kufumana ukwanga.Akukho mntu uqinisekileyo ukuba i-mistletoe yangena njani kwimibhiyozo yeKrisimesi, kodwa ngeXesha le-Victorian yafakwa “kwiibhola zokuncamisa,” imihombiso yeeholide yayixhonywe eluphahleni kwaye yathi izise amathamsanqa kuye nabani na owayene-smooch phantsi kwayo.

6,Iikhalenda zeAdvent

Umshicileli waseJamani uGerhard Lang udla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngumdali wekhalenda yokufika eprintiweyo ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900, ephefumlelwe yibhokisi yeelekese ezingama-24 awayezinikwe ngumama wakhe xa wayeseyinkwenkwe (uGerhard omncinci wayevunyelwa ukuba adle enye ngosuku de Krisimesi).Iikhalenda zephepha lezentengiso ziye zaduma ngo-1920 kwaye zalandelwa ngokukhawuleza iinguqulelo ngeetshokholethi.Kule mihla, kukho ikhalenda yokufika malunga nomntu wonke (kunye nezinja!)

7,IiStoyisi

Ukuxhoma iikawusi iye yaba sisithethe ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1800s (uClement Clarke Moore ngokudumileyo wabhekisela kuzo kumbongo wakhe we-1823. .Enye intsomi edumileyo ithi ngesinye isihlandlo kwakukho indoda eyayineentombi ezintathu eyayinexhala lokuzifunela abayeni abafanelekileyo kuba yayingenayo imali yokulobola.Ukuva malunga nentsapho, uSt. Nicholas watshitshisa itshimini waza wagcwalisa iisitokisi zamantombazana, ezibekwe emlilweni ukuze zome, ngeengqekembe zegolide.

8,Iikuki zeKrisimesi

Namhlanje iicookies zeKrisimesi ziza kuzo zonke iintlobo zeencasa zomthendeleko kunye neemilo, kodwa imvelaphi yazo isuka kwiMedieval Europe xa izithako ezifana ne-nutmeg, isinamoni, ijinja kunye neziqhamo ezomisiweyo zaziqala ukuvela kwiiresiphi zeebhiskithi ezikhethekileyo ezibhakwe ngexesha leKrisimesi.Ngelixa ii-cookies zokupheka zeKrisimesi zakuqala e-US zenza ukuqala kwazo ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18, i-cookie yanamhlanje yeKrisimesi ayizange ivele kwada kwaba sekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 xa utshintsho lwemithetho yokungenisa elizweni yavumela izinto zasekhitshini ezingabizi kakhulu ezifana nabasiki becookie ukuba bafike bevela eYurophu ngokutsho. kuWilliam Woys Weaver, umbhali weKrisimesi Cook: Iinkulungwane ezintathu zeAmerican Yuletide Sweets.Aba basiki babesoloko bebonisa imilo enqabileyo, yehlabathi, njengemithi yeKrisimesi kunye neenkwenkwezi, kwaye njengoko iindlela zokupheka ezintsha zokuhamba kunye nazo zaqala ukupapashwa, isithethe sanamhlanje sokupheka ukubhaka kunye nokutshintshana sazalwa.

9,Poinsettias

Amaqabunga abomvu abomvu esityalo se-poinsettia akhanyisa naliphi na igumbi ngexesha leeholide.Kodwa kwaqala njani ukunxulumana neKrismesi?Abaninzi balatha kwibali lentsomi yaseMexico, elingentombazana eyayinqwenela ukuzisa umnikelo ecaweni yayo ngobusuku bangaphambi kweKrismesi kodwa eyayingenamali.Kwabonakala ingelosi yaza yaxelela umntwana ukuba ahlanganise ukhula endleleni.Wenjenjalo, yaye xa wazibonakalisayo zadubula ngokungummangaliso zaba ziintyatyambo ezibomvu ngokuqaqambileyo, ezimile okwenkwenkwezi.

10,Boozy Eggnog

I-Eggnog ineengcambu zayo kwi-postset, icocktail endala yaseBritani yobisi olugalelwe isherry eqholiweyo okanye ibranti.Kubahlali baseMelika nangona kunjalo, izithako zazibiza kwaye kunzima ukuzifumana, ngoko ke bazenzele inguqulelo yabo enexabiso eliphantsi ngerum yasekhaya, eyayibizwa ngokuba yi "grog."I-Bartenders yabiza isiselo esine-creamy "egg-and-grog," eyathi ekugqibeleni yajika yaba yi "eggnog" ngenxa yeemagi zeplanga "noggin" eyayisetyenzwa kuzo. Isiselo sasithandwa kwasekuqaleni-uGeorge Washington wayeneresiphi yakhe.

11,Izibane zeKrisimesi

UThomas Edison ufumana ikhredithi ngokuqulunqa iglobhu yesibane, kodwa eneneni yayingumlingani wakhe u-Edward Johnson oweza nombono wokubeka izibane kumthi weKrismesi.Ngowe-1882 wadibanisa iiglowubhu ezinemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo waza wazibhijela ngasemthini wakhe, awathi wawuxhoma efestileni yendlu yakhe yedolophu yaseNew York (ukuza kuthi ga ngoko, yayingamakhandlela awongeza ukukhanya kumasebe emithi).I-GE yaqala ukubonelela ngeekiti ezidityanisiweyo zezibane zeKrisimesi ngo-1903 kwaye zaba sisiseko kwimizi yelizwe lonke ngeminyaka yoo-1920 xa umnini wenkampani yokukhanyisa u-Albert Sadacca weza nombono wokuthengisa imisonto yezibane ezinemibala kwiivenkile.

12,Iintsuku zeKrisimesi

Mhlawumbi ucula le ngoma idumileyo kwiintsuku ezikhokelela kwiKrisimesi, kodwa iintsuku ezili-12 zamaKristu zeKrisimesi zenzeka ngokwenene phakathi kokuzalwa kukaKristu ngoDisemba 25 kunye nokufika kweMagi ngoJanuwari 6. Ngokuphathelele ingoma, eyokuqala eyaziwayo inguqulelo yavela kwincwadi yabantwana ebizwa ngokuba yiMirth With-out Mischief ngowe-1780. Uninzi lwamazwi alo lwalungafani (ngokomzekelo, isikhwatsha esikumthi wamapere “sasiyipikoko entle kakhulu”).UFrederic Austin, umqambi waseBritani, wabhala inguqulelo esaziwayo nanamhlanje ngo-1909 (ungambulela ngokongeza i-motif eneebha ezimbini “zemisesane yegolide emihlanu!”).Inyaniso eyonwabileyo: I-PNC yexabiso leKrisimesi i-Index ibale iindleko zayo yonke into ekhankanywe kwingoma kwiminyaka eyi-36 edlulileyo (i-tag ye-2019 yexabiso yayiyi-$ 38,993.59!)

13,Iikuki kunye nobisi lukaSanta

Njengezithethe ezininzi zeKrisimesi, lo ubuyela kwiJamani yamandulo xa abantwana beshiya ukutya ukuze bazame ukukhohlisa uthixo wamaNorse u-Odin, owayehamba ngehashe elinemilenze esibhozo egama linguSleipner, ukubashiya izipho ngexesha leYule Season.E-US, isiko lobisi kunye ne-cookies ka-Santa yaqala ngexesha lokuDodobala okuKhulu xa, nangona amaxesha anzima, abazali babefuna ukufundisa abantwana babo ukuba babonise umbulelo kunye nokubulela ngazo naziphi na iintsikelelo okanye izipho abanokuzifumana.

Khuphela kwi-Intanethi